diff --git a/blade-service/blade-transport/src/main/java/org/springblade/transport/excel/ViolationRecordImportExcel.java b/blade-service/blade-transport/src/main/java/org/springblade/transport/excel/ViolationRecordImportExcel.java
index f3e7f6b..4eb3502 100644
--- a/blade-service/blade-transport/src/main/java/org/springblade/transport/excel/ViolationRecordImportExcel.java
+++ b/blade-service/blade-transport/src/main/java/org/springblade/transport/excel/ViolationRecordImportExcel.java
@@ -60,8 +60,11 @@ public class ViolationRecordImportExcel implements Serializable {
 	@ExcelProperty("*驾驶人")
 	private String driverName;
 
-	@ExcelProperty("*类型/事项")
-	private String violationTypeOrItem;
+	@ExcelProperty("*类型")
+	private String violationType;
+
+	@ExcelProperty("*事项")
+	private String violationItem;
 
 	@ExcelProperty("*时间")
 	@DateTimeFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
diff --git a/blade-service/blade-transport/src/main/java/org/springblade/transport/service/impl/ViolationRecordServiceImpl.java b/blade-service/blade-transport/src/main/java/org/springblade/transport/service/impl/ViolationRecordServiceImpl.java
index ed9dfe9..4d99a4f 100644
--- a/blade-service/blade-transport/src/main/java/org/springblade/transport/service/impl/ViolationRecordServiceImpl.java
+++ b/blade-service/blade-transport/src/main/java/org/springblade/transport/service/impl/ViolationRecordServiceImpl.java
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ public class ViolationRecordServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<ViolationRecordM
 	private static final int MAX_DEDUCT_POINTS = 15;
 	private static final String PROCESSED = "已处理";
 	private static final String UNPROCESSED = "未处理";
+	private static final String CAR = "车辆";
+	private static final String SHIP = "船舶";
 
 	@Override
 	public IPage<ViolationRecordVO> selectViolationRecordPage(IPage<ViolationRecordVO> page, ViolationRecordVO violationRecord) {
@@ -81,6 +83,7 @@ public class ViolationRecordServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<ViolationRecordM
 		prepare(violationRecord);
 		validate(violationRecord);
 		validateVehicleTypeImmutable(violationRecord);
+		clearIrrelevantField(violationRecord);
 		return saveOrUpdate(violationRecord);
 	}
 
@@ -95,11 +98,6 @@ public class ViolationRecordServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<ViolationRecordM
 			ViolationRecordImportExcel excel = data.get(index);
 			try {
 				ViolationRecord violationRecord = Objects.requireNonNull(BeanUtil.copyProperties(excel, ViolationRecord.class));
-				if ("船舶".equals(trimToEmpty(excel.getVehicleType()))) {
-					violationRecord.setViolationItem(excel.getViolationTypeOrItem());
-				} else {
-					violationRecord.setViolationType(excel.getViolationTypeOrItem());
-				}
 				submit(violationRecord);
 			} catch (Exception exception) {
 				excel.setErrorMessage("第" + (index + 2) + "行：" + exception.getMessage());
@@ -132,21 +130,30 @@ public class ViolationRecordServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<ViolationRecordM
 		violationRecord.setProcessDescription(trimToEmpty(violationRecord.getProcessDescription()));
 		violationRecord.setProcessResult(trimToNull(violationRecord.getProcessResult()));
 		violationRecord.setAttachments(trimToNull(violationRecord.getAttachments()));
-		if ("车辆".equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType())) {
+		if (UNPROCESSED.equals(violationRecord.getProcessStatus())) {
+			violationRecord.setProcessResult(null);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * 清空与车船类型不匹配的对侧字段
+	 * <p>
+	 * 必须在 validate 之后执行：校验需要看到用户填了什么，
+	 * 若提前清空，误填的内容会被静默丢弃，用户无从察觉。
+	 */
+	private void clearIrrelevantField(ViolationRecord violationRecord) {
+		if (CAR.equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType())) {
 			violationRecord.setViolationItem(null);
 		} else {
 			violationRecord.setViolationType(null);
 		}
-		if (UNPROCESSED.equals(violationRecord.getProcessStatus())) {
-			violationRecord.setProcessResult(null);
-		}
 	}
 
 	private void validate(ViolationRecord violationRecord) {
 		if (Func.isEmpty(violationRecord.getVehicleType())) {
 			throw new ServiceException("车船类型不能为空");
 		}
-		if (!"车辆".equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType()) && !"船舶".equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType())) {
+		if (!CAR.equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType()) && !SHIP.equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType())) {
 			throw new ServiceException("车船类型不正确");
 		}
 		if (Func.isEmpty(violationRecord.getVehicleNo())) {
@@ -155,12 +162,18 @@ public class ViolationRecordServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<ViolationRecordM
 		if (Func.isEmpty(violationRecord.getDriverName())) {
 			throw new ServiceException("驾驶人/船长不能为空");
 		}
-		if ("车辆".equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType()) && Func.isEmpty(violationRecord.getViolationType())) {
+		if (CAR.equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType()) && Func.isEmpty(violationRecord.getViolationType())) {
 			throw new ServiceException("类型不能为空");
 		}
-		if ("船舶".equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType()) && Func.isEmpty(violationRecord.getViolationItem())) {
+		if (SHIP.equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType()) && Func.isEmpty(violationRecord.getViolationItem())) {
 			throw new ServiceException("事项不能为空");
 		}
+		if (SHIP.equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType()) && Func.isNotEmpty(violationRecord.getViolationType())) {
+			throw new ServiceException("船舶不适用于类型，该列应留空");
+		}
+		if (CAR.equals(violationRecord.getVehicleType()) && Func.isNotEmpty(violationRecord.getViolationItem())) {
+			throw new ServiceException("车辆不适用于事项，该列应留空");
+		}
 		if (Func.isEmpty(violationRecord.getViolationTime())) {
 			throw new ServiceException("时间不能为空");
 		}
@@ -239,7 +252,7 @@ public class ViolationRecordServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<ViolationRecordM
 
 	private String normalizeVehicleType(String vehicleType) {
 		String value = trimToEmpty(vehicleType);
-		return value.isEmpty() ? "车辆" : value;
+		return value.isEmpty() ? CAR : value;
 	}
 
 	private String normalizeProcessStatus(String processStatus) {